Monday, February 10, 2025

Infant Pertussis Prevalent in Eastern Mediterranean, Vaccination Gaps Highlighted

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In the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), infants under one year old face a significant threat from pertussis, despite the availability of vaccines. Recent research highlights the varying impact of this disease across countries with diverse healthcare systems and vaccination rates.

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Widespread Incidence Among Young Infants

Data reveals that the rate of PCR-confirmed pertussis in suspected cases ranges dramatically. For instance, Morocco reported incidence rates between 6.7% and 8.9% from 2018 to 2019, whereas Palestine saw rates exceeding 50% between 2004 and 2008 for children below six months. Moreover, Tunisia experienced rates from 16.3% to 73% in infants under two months, indicating a heightened vulnerability in the youngest age groups.

Challenges in Maternal Vaccination Uptake

Hospitalization rates are notably high among infants younger than six months, often accompanied by severe complications such as seizures and the need for ventilatory support. Despite the critical role of maternal vaccination in protecting newborns, only one study from Saudi Arabia addressed this aspect, revealing low vaccine uptake and limited awareness among pregnant women.

  • High pertussis rates predominantly affect infants under two months.
  • Significant regional disparities exist in disease incidence and healthcare responses.
  • Maternal vaccination rates remain critically low, hindering protection efforts.

The systematic review emphasizes the urgent need for improved surveillance systems and targeted public health strategies in the EMR. Enhancing vaccination coverage, particularly maternal immunization, could substantially reduce the burden of pertussis among the most vulnerable populations.

Addressing the gaps in data from underrepresented countries is essential for developing effective interventions. Comprehensive research and increased awareness initiatives can lead to better protection for infants and reduce the incidence of severe pertussis cases.

Efforts should focus on strengthening healthcare infrastructures and ensuring equitable access to vaccines across all EMR countries. By prioritizing maternal vaccination and enhancing public health strategies, the region can make significant strides in combating infant pertussis and safeguarding public health.

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