Implementing an opt-out consent approach for pasteurized donor human milk (PDHM) has shown promising short-term growth benefits for preterm infants, according to recent research.
Study Details
Researchers conducted a retrospective analysis involving 200 neonates born at or before 28 weeks of gestation. The study compared the outcomes of two consent processes: traditional opt-in and the newly implemented opt-out method. Key metrics assessed included the timing of the first enteral feed, types of feeding administered, growth patterns, and the incidence of morbidities related to prematurity.
Key Findings
The switch to an opt-out consent process did not significantly change the time it took for infants to receive their first enteral feed, with the opt-in group averaging between 0 to 12 days and the opt-out group between 0 to 5 days (Mann-Whitney U p=0.295). However, notable differences emerged in feeding practices during the initial four weeks of life. The opt-out group demonstrated reduced reliance on formula and mother’s milk alone, favoring mixed feeding with PDHM and mother’s milk more frequently (p<0.01). Additionally, weight gain was significantly higher in the opt-out group at both 14 and 28 days of life, with the difference remaining significant at day 14 after adjustments (p<0.05).
- Opt-out consent led to increased use of PDHM, aligning with recommended feeding practices for preterm infants.
- Enhanced weight gain at critical early stages suggests better nutritional outcomes.
- No increase in prematurity-related morbidities indicates the safety of the opt-out approach.
Despite these positive short-term outcomes, the study highlights the need for further research to determine the long-term effects of opt-out consent on growth and health in preterm infants.
Adopting an opt-out consent process could potentially standardize the use of PDHM, ensuring that more preterm infants receive optimal nutrition during their critical early weeks. Healthcare providers may consider integrating such consent strategies to improve growth trajectories without increasing health risks. Continued monitoring and extended studies will be essential to fully understand the enduring benefits and any possible drawbacks of this approach.
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