Geographical differences in the incidence rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its burden due to modifiable risk factors have been examined. The focus of the study has been on the North Africa and Middle East (NAME) region, and an analysis of the period from 1990 to 2019 has been conducted.
The investigation was constructed as a systematic review. It utilized the framework of the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD), Injuries and Risk Factors Study 2019 to estimate rates of incidence, prevalence, death, years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of colorectal cancer by age and sex. The analysis also estimated CRC-related DALYs attributable to each lifestyle and metabolic risk factor.
Rising Burden of Colorectal Cancer: Trends, Risk Factors, and the Urgent Need for Prevention Strategies
The results pointed to increasing trends of incidence, prevalence, death, YLL, YLD, and DALYs of CRC in the NAME region, with higher rates in males than females. High and high-middle socio-demographic index (SDI) countries exhibited greater colorectal cancer DALYs rate compared with middle- and low-SDI countries in 2019. An exception to this was identified in Palestine. In terms of risk factors, dietary risk, low whole grain intake, and low intake of milk were identified as the major contributors to DALYs due to CRC in 2019. These findings align with global trends, highlighting the significant role that lifestyle and metabolic factors play in the burden of colorectal cancer.
The increasing trend of CRC burden in the NAME region underscores the necessity of implementing fundamental strategies to minimize CRC burden and its risk factors. The role of lifestyle and metabolic factors in contributing to this burden makes them a crucial focus for interventions.
Original Article DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18027-6
Original title: Burden of colorectal cancer and its risk factors in the North Africa and Middle East (NAME) region, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study
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